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Muhamed Fajkovic |
Fotografi: Gabba Gabba Hey!
Filosofi er et mangesidet fag med en meget lang historie. Filosofien løsrev sig fra en mytologisk verdensforståelse i det 6. århundrede f.v.t., da en række græske tænkere forsøgte at forstå verdens indretning uden afsæt i nedarvede beretninger om guder og helte. De hovedgrene inden for filosofien, der senere etablerede sig i Athen gennem det 5. og 4. århundrede, lever stadig videre i forskellige former: Metafysik, erkendelsesteori, etik og æstetik. Ligeledes er værker af datidens hovedskikkelser som Platon og Aristoteles endnu genstand for en livlig debat, ofte på lige fod med langt nyere værker. I moderne tid har de klassiske hovedgrene spaltet sig ud i en lang række underdiscipliner, fx bevidsthedsfilosofi og teknologifilosofi. Det er svært at sige hvad der forbinder alle filosofiske aktiviteter som hjemmehørende i ét og samme fag. Et første bud kunne være respekten for det gode argument og en vilje til at nå til bunds i enhver given problemstilling, primært drevet af intellektuel nysgerrighed. Det er ikke tilfældigt, at mange har anset filosofi for at være en aktivitet, der udspringer - og lever af - menneskets undren over sig selv og den verden det er sat i.
Late Ancient Platonism in Eighteenth-Century German Thought af
This work synthesizes work previously published in leading journals in the field into a coherent narrative that has a distinctive focus on Germany while also being aware of a broader European dimension. It argues that the German Lutheran Christoph August Heumann (1681-1764) marginalized the biographical approach to past philosophy and paved the way for the German Lutheran Johann Jacob Brucker's (1696-1770) influential method for the writing of past philosophy, centred on depersonalised and abstract systems of philosophy. The work offers an authoritative and engaging account of how late ancient Platonism, Plotinus in particular, was interpreted in eighteenth-century Germany according to these new precepts. Moreover, it reveals the Lutheran religious assumptions of this new approach to past philosophy, which underpinned the works of Heumann and Brucker, but also influential reviews that rejected the English Plato translator Thomas Taylor (1758-1835) and his understanding and evaluation of late ancient Platonism.
Hegel's Concept of Life af
Karen Ng sheds new light on Hegel's famously impenetrable philosophy. She does so by offering a new interpretation of Hegel's idealism and by foregrounding Hegel's Science of Logic, revealing that Hegel's theory of reason revolves around the concept of organic life.Beginning with the influence of Kant's Critique of Judgment on Hegel, Ng argues that Hegel's key philosophical contributions concerning self-consciousness, freedom, and logic all develop around the idea of internal purposiveness, which appealed to Hegel deeply. She charts the development of thepurposiveness theme in Kant's third Critique, and argues that the most important innovation from that text is the claim that the purposiveness of nature opens up and enables the operation of the power of judgment. This innovation is essential for understanding Hegel's philosophical method in theDifferenzschrift (1801) and Phenomenology of Spirit (1807), where Hegel, developing lines of thought from Fichte and Schelling, argues against Kant that internal purposiveness constitutes cognition's activity, shaping its essential relation to both self and world.From there, Ng defends a new and detailed interpretation of Hegel's Science of Logic, arguing that Hegel's Subjective Logic can be understood as Hegel's version of a critique of judgment, in which life comes to be understood as opening up the possibility of intelligibility. She makes the case thatHegel's theory of judgment is modelled on reflective and teleological judgments, in which something's species or kind provides the objective context for predication. The Subjective Logic culminates in the argument that life is a primitive or original activity of judgment, one that is the necessarypresupposition for the actualization of self-conscious cognition.Through bold and ambitious new arguments, Ng demonstrates the ongoing dialectic between life and self-conscious cognition, providing ground-breaking ways of understanding Hegel's philosophical system.
Philosophy of Language af
This unique textbook introduces linguists to key issues in the philosophy of language. Accessible to students who have taken only a single course in linguistics, yet sophisticated enough to be used at the graduate level, the book provides an overview of the central issues in philosophy of language, a key topic in educating the next generation of researchers in semantics and pragmatics. Thoroughly grounded in contemporary linguistic theory, the book focus on the core foundational and philosophical issues in semantics and pragmatics, richly illustrated with historical case studies to show how linguistic questions are related to philosophical problems in areas such as metaphysics, epistemology, and ethics. Students are introduced in Part I to the issues at the core of semantics, including compositionality, reference and intentionality. Part II looks at pragmatics: context, conversational update, implicature and speech acts; whilst Part III discusses foundational questions about meaning. The book will encourage future collaboration and development between philosophy of language and linguistics.
Du finder et udvalg af bøger og tidsskrifter på KOMM/IKK-biblioteket på Karen Blixens Plads, bygning 14.2.
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